The Maratha Empire dominated much of India during the 17th and 18th centuries, and one of the most influential figures in this period was the Peshwa, who served as the chief minister and military commander of the empire. There were several Peshwas during this time, but one of the most notable was Baji Rao I, who signed the Basin Agreement in 1755.
Baji Rao I was born in 1700, the eldest son of the previous Peshwa, Balaji Vishwanath. He was only 20 years old when he became Peshwa in 1720, following the death of his father. Despite his youth, Baji Rao quickly proved himself to be a capable leader and military strategist. He expanded the Maratha Empire`s territory, defeated the powerful Nizam of Hyderabad, and established a strong central government.
In 1755, Baji Rao I signed the Basin Agreement with the British East India Company. This agreement allowed the British to establish a factory (trading post) in the city of Surat, in exchange for protection and financial support from the Marathas. The agreement also stated that the British would not interfere in Maratha affairs or support any enemies of the empire.
The Basin Agreement was significant because it marked the beginning of British colonial influence in India. While the agreement was initially beneficial to both the Marathas and the British, it ultimately led to the colonization and exploitation of India by the British.
Baji Rao I died in 1740 at the age of 40, after a long and successful career as Peshwa. He was succeeded by his son, Balaji Baji Rao, who continued his father`s legacy of expanding the Maratha Empire and opposing British colonialism.
In conclusion, Baji Rao I was an important figure in Indian history, particularly during the Maratha Empire`s heyday. His signing of the Basin Agreement with the British East India Company was a significant event that had far-reaching consequences for India`s future. Despite his legacy being somewhat overshadowed by the eventual British takeover of India, Baji Rao I remains an important figure in Indian history and a symbol of Maratha pride and resilience.